This paper reviews the major characteristics of stratospheric flight, where airplanes and airships will compete for best performance. Target applications are communications, Earth observation, positioning and science among others. High altitude platforms, or Pseudo-satellites (HAPS), are unmanned vehicles that take advantage of weak stratospheric winds and solar energy to operate without interfering with current commercial aviation and with enough endurance to provide long-term services as satellites do. KG company, founded by former Cargolifter AG shareholders, seeks to sell the lighter-than-air technology and is exploring the construction of smaller airships.The idea of self-sustaining air vehicles that excited engineers in the seventies has nowadays become a reality as proved by several initiatives worldwide. The Skyship airship, which had been purchased by Cargolifter for training and research purposes, was sold to Swiss Skycruise and used in Athens for flights connected with the Olympic games held there. The airship hangar was converted to a 'tropical paradise'-themed indoor holiday resort called Tropical Islands, which opened in 2004. In June 2003, the company's facilities were sold off for less than 20% of the construction costs. The fate of parts of the 300 million euros in shareholder funds from over 70,000 investors is still unclear. On 7 June 2002 the company announced insolvency, and liquidation proceedings began the following month. The sale of one CL 75 Aircrane along with 25 options (at a unit price of US$10 million), was later planned to the Canadian company Heavy Elevator Canada Inc., a deal with which CargoLifter AG was at least 20% involved. The loadframe of this unit was engineered by American company AdvanTek International LLC, on behalf of Cargolifter AG. It represented a new stage in full-scale experimental purposes. The Cargolifter CL 75 AirCrane prototype, filled with 110,000 m 3 of helium, was taken out of the hangar for the first time in October 2001. Despite the setback, an agreement was reached with Boeing in 2002 for the joint study of a lighter-than-air stratospheric platform.
Another aircraft, the "CL 75 Aircrane" transportation balloon prototype, of similar size (61 m in diameter) and height (87 m) to the CL 160, was built but destroyed in a storm in July 2002. The technical complexity (something akin to designing an airliner with less vetted technology) along with limited funding (a fraction of the funding typically available for the development of new airliners), and short development timeline meant that program challenges were underestimated, making the project relatively risky.Ī small crewed prototype named 'Joey' was built in order to test project concepts on a reduced scale. The first CL 160 airship was never built, though a considerable amount of design and development work was undertaken. After the company bankrupted, a tropical theme park was opened there. The hangar was also equipped with a 180 m (590 ft) cutting table to manufacture the airship's envelope.
The hangar (360 m or 1,180 ft long, 220 m or 720 ft wide and 106 m or 348 ft high), a technological marvel in itself, is a freestanding steel-dome "barrel-bowl" construction large enough to fit the Eiffel Tower on its side, and was featured on the Modern Marvels episode "Hangers". The hangar for production and operation of the CL160 and engineering team facilities were built on the former Soviet Air Force base at Brand-Briesen Airfield, Brandenburg, acquired to enable development and operations. A public stock offering took place in May 2000, and the resulting shareholder structure was characterized by a high proportion of small investors, attracted by substantial press coverage of the new breakthrough technologies being promised.
Note the three people at the lower left for scale History CompanyĬargolifter AG was created on 1 September 1996 in Wiesbaden, Germany.